Acid reflux isn’t life-threatening or dangerous in itself, but long-term acid reflux can lead to more serious health problems. Over time, chronic acid reflux can damage the lower esophagus and cause scar tissue to form. The scar tissue narrows the food pathway, leading to problems with swallowing. Also, stomach acid can wear away tissue in the esophagus, causing open sores to form. Esophageal ulcers can bleed, causing pain and making swallowing difficult.  Finally, damage from acid can lead to changes in the tissue lining the lower esophagus, also known as Barrett's esophagus, which is associated with increased risk of esophageal cancer.